See swankijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "swenchen"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "swenċan"
},
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "swensa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "swenken"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "swänkje"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*swenkian"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "swink"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "zwenken"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*swenken"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "schwenken"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swankijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swankijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swankijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swanki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swankijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swankijan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cause to swing, to waver"
],
"id": "en-swankijan-gmw-pro-verb-t5lZgFgQ",
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"waver",
"waver"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "swangijan"
},
{
"word": "swingan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swankijan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "swenchen"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "swenċan"
},
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "swensa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "swenken"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "swänkje"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*swenkian"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "swink"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "zwenken"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*swenken"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "schwenken"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "swenken"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swankijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swankijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swankijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankidīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swanki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankijandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "swankid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swankijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swankijan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "swangijan"
},
{
"word": "swingan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cause to swing, to waver"
],
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"waver",
"waver"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swankijan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swankijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.